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第5章 Customs and Festivals风俗与节日(1)

Colors of Hungary

A doll dressed in HungarianHungarian adj.匈牙利的 n.匈牙利人 folk costume. This is the most popular and sort of the souvenirsouvenir n.纪念品 the tourists take home with from Hungary- the colors of unique charm,the dolls,enchantenchant vt.施魔法,使迷惑. But only a few people know that not only is this wonderful item,folk doll,available on the shelf of souvenir shops among the cold walls of museums,but it is a living reality.

It is visible,tangibletangible adj.切实的 and can be experienced. It is a rarity,which is not disappeared in the modern life.

Holloko,possibly the most charming Hungarian village in the mountains of the northeast,is also part of the world heritageheritage n.遗产,继承权,传统.

Local people as well as tourists can admire ageold wedding ceremonies of the polo,s region.

The bride,s trousseautrousseau n.嫁装,嫁妆 is transported along the main street for the whole world to see all the brightly decorated stuff. A sign of the family,s wealth. Tradition also calls for a joined community effort to make the newly weds an anticipation for many children to come.

In the meantime,the audience listens to the bride and bridegroom,s farewell ceremony.

After the groom,s first visit,spectators can witness the most splendidsplendid adj.壮丽的,辉煌的,极好的 art of the wedding,the adornment of the bride.

Particular preparation along years of effort is bringing life the memorable moments. The number of undershirts could even reach a hundred.

The marvelously embroidered wedding dress revives the atmosphere and sophisticated taste of the past times.

The couple walks to the church hand in hand,and the village scene recreates the picturesque background for the festival procession.

Folk traditions are closely assolsiated with milestonesmilestone n.里程碑,里程标,重要事件,转折点 of human life,birth,priest,marriage and death. The whole village shares each other,s happiness and grave. And these community events help people forget the monotony of everyday life for just a little while.

匈牙利民俗

这是一个身穿匈牙利民族服装的布偶,是游客们最爱买回家的纪念品。布偶身上独特的色彩散发着无穷魅力。但是很少有人了解,它们不仅是纪念品商店里精美的商品,也是有生命的精灵。

这是一种生动的再现。即使在喧嚣的现代生活中也依然存在。

HOLLOKO可能是匈牙利东北部山区最具魅力的村庄,也是世界文化遗产的一部分。

当地人和游客们可以看到旧式的婚礼仪式。新娘要穿行主要的街道,向世人展示她的嫁妆,这象征着家庭的财富。传统还提倡大家都要参与,预示着将来子孙满堂。

同时,大家还要参加新郎新娘与家人的告别仪式。

在新郎第一次拜见岳丈后,观众就能欣赏到婚礼中最精彩的一章——新娘子的装饰!

多年的精心准备终于要引出让记忆最留恋的时刻。

新娘的衬裙最多时能达到一百层。精美的绣花礼服重现了昔日的时光。

佳偶牵手走向教堂,愉悦的人群背后,是画一般的山村背景。

民间习俗迎接着生命中的每一个里程碑。出生、祈祷、结婚、死亡。整个村庄分享着每个人的喜与悲。这些群体活动能够帮人们暂时忘却平日单调的生活。

直到现在,在匈牙利大多数的乡村,婚礼的形式是相同的。而对于游客而言,这是真实而美妙的一刻。

The Story of Mother,s Day

The earliest Mother,s Day celebrations can be traced back to the spring celebrations of ancientancient adj.远古的,旧的 Greece in honor of Rhea,the Mother of the Gods. During the 1600,s,England celebrated a day called “Mothering Sunday”. Celebrated on the 4th Sunday of Lent (the 40 day period leading up to Easter),“Mothering Sunday” honored the mothers of England.

During this time many of the England,s poor worked as servants for the wealthy. As most jobs were locatedlocate vt.查找……的地点,使……坐落于,位于 v.定位,位于 far from their homes,the servants would live at the houses of their employers. On Mothering Sunday the servants would have the day off and were encouraged to return home and spend the day with their mothers. A special cake,called the mothering cake,was often brought along to provide a festivefestive adj.庆祝的,喜庆的,欢乐的,节日似 touch.

As Christianity spread throughout Europe the celebration changed to honor the “Mother Church” - the spiritualspiritual adj.精神上的 power that gave them life and protected them from harm. Over time the church festival blended with the Mothering Sunday celebration. People began honoring their mothers as well as the church.

母亲节的故事

最早的母亲节可追溯到古希腊为纪念瑞意(Rhea,古希腊神话中的诸神之母)而举行的春季庆祝活动。在公元17世纪,英国出现了一个叫做“妈妈的星期天”的节日。一般是在每年四旬斋活动(即为庆祝耶稣复活而举行的长达40天的宗教活动)的第四个星期天举行。“妈妈的星期天”其实就是专门为英国的母亲们而设立的节日。

在那时,许多英国穷人都在有钱人家做仆人。因为这些穷人住的地方往往距离主人家较远,所以他们常常就住在雇主的家中。而在每年的“妈妈的星期天”这一天,主人常常会给他的仆人放一天假,鼓励他们回家去与自己的母亲共度此日。同时,为了庆祝这一天,人们还常常会带一种特殊的蛋糕(称为“母亲蛋糕”)回家给自己的母亲。

随着基督教在欧洲的广泛传播,这一天逐渐演变为“母亲礼拜日”,以纪念给予基督徒生命和保护他们不受伤害的精神力量。再以后,“母亲礼拜日”和“妈妈的星期天”逐渐合为一体。此后,人们在这一天中就既庆祝母亲的节日又举行基督教的礼拜。

The Story of Father,s Day

Father,s Day,contrary tocontrary to 与……相反 popular misconceptionmisconception n.误解,was not established as a holiday in order to help greeting card manufacturers sell more cards. In fact when a “Father,s Day” was first proposed there were no Father,s Day cards!

Mrs. John B. Dodd,of Washington,first proposed the idea of a “Father,s Day” in 1909. Mrs. Dodd wanted a special day to honorhonor n.尊敬,敬意,荣誉,光荣 vt.尊敬,给以荣誉 her father,William Smart. William Smart,a Civil War veteran,was widowed when his wife (Mrs. Dodd,s mother) died in childbirth with their sixth child. Mr. Smart was left to raise the newborn and his other five children by himself on a rural farm in eastern Washington state. It was after Mrs. Dodd became an adult that she realized the strength and selflessness her father had shown in raising his children as a single parent.

The first Father,s Day was observed on June 19,1910 in Spokane Washington. At about the same time in various towns and cities across America other people were beginning to celebrate a “Fther,s Day”. In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge supported the idea of a national Father,s Day. Finally in 1966 President Lyndon Johnson signed a presidential proclamationproclamation n.宣布 declaring the 3rd Sunday of June as Father,s Day.

Father,s Day has become a day to not only honor your father,but all men who act as a father figure. Stepfathers,uncles,grandfathers,and adult male friends are all be honored on Father,s Day.

父亲节的故事

与广为流行的错误理解相反,将父亲节设立为一个节日的目的并不是为了帮助贺卡生产商们卖出更多贺卡。实际上,设立“父亲节”的提议最初被提出时,世界上并没有父亲节贺卡!

华盛顿的约翰·B·多德夫人最早于1909年提出了设立“父亲节”的建议。多德夫人希望能用一个特殊的日子向她父亲——威廉·斯玛特先生表示敬意。威廉·斯玛特是美国内战中的老兵,他妻子(即多德夫人的母亲)在生育第六个孩子时因难产而死,斯玛特先生从此成为鳏夫。他独自一人在华盛顿州东部的一个乡村农场上抚养新生的孩子及其他五个子女。直到长大成人,多德夫人才意识到她父亲在独自一人养育子女的过程中表现出来的坚强和无私。

1910年6月19日,人们在华盛顿州的斯波坎庆祝了第一个父亲节。当时,在大致相同的时间里,美国各地其他城镇的人们也开始庆祝“父亲节”。1924年,卡尔文·柯立兹总统表示支持设立全国性的父亲节的建议。林登·约翰逊总统最终于1966年签署了总统公告,宣布每年六月的第3个星期天为父亲节。

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